A child with ADHD may have disappointing school results. Some conclude that they are less intelligent. This is wrong. ADHD affects attention and organisation, not intelligence. Here is why. Separating these two notions is essential for the child’s confidence.
Intelligence refers to the abilities of reasoning, understanding and learning. ADHD affects the regulation of attention, organisation and behavioural control. These are two distinct dimensions. ADHD says nothing about intellectual level.
A child with ADHD may have intelligence that is average, above average or below average, just like all children.
To go further, read our article What is ADHD.
Forgetfulness, inattention errors, unfinished papers and organisational difficulties lower results. The child often knows much more than they show. These difficulties often hide their real abilities.
We explain this point in more detail in ADHD and tests.
A neuropsychological assessment evaluates intellectual abilities and attentional functions. It often shows gaps between certain tasks, linked to attention and speed. This assessment also helps to guide adjustments.
This topic is covered in our page Neuropsychological assessment and ADHD.
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A child can be both ADHD and intellectually gifted. In this case, one may mask the other, which often delays diagnosis. It is useful to consider this when the child seems both bright and struggling.
You will find more details in the article ADHD and HPI.
A child who believes they are stupid because they fail despite their efforts may lose confidence and become discouraged. It is important to explain to them that their intelligence is not the issue. These words can change the way they see themselves.
Our article ADHD and self-esteem complements this advice.
School adjustments, organisational tools and sometimes treatment allow the child to show their real abilities. They can then show what they truly know.
To go further, see School adjustments for ADHD.
Creativity, energy, curiosity, spontaneity, the ability to become passionate: many children with ADHD have real strengths to build on. Valuing these strengths nurtures their confidence.
The article ADHD and motivation looks at this question in detail.
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No, ADHD affects attention and organisation, not intelligence. ADHD does not affect intelligence.
Because of forgetfulness, inattention errors and organisational difficulties. The results do not reflect ability.
Yes, and one may mask the other. The assessment can show the gaps.
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