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the no.1 media on Dys disorders
Why does my child have ADHD? Is it my fault? Parents often ask themselves these questions. Science has made great progress in understanding the causes of ADHD. Here is what we know, and what belongs to common misconceptions. Understanding the causes also helps to free yourself from guilt.
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder: it is linked to the way the brain develops and functions. It appears in childhood, even if it is not always identified early. Its manifestations may change with age.
Our article What is ADHD complements this advice.
ADHD is one of the most heritable neurodevelopmental disorders. It is common to find other affected people in the family, sometimes undiagnosed. This is why there is no genetic test to diagnose it.
There is not one ADHD gene, but many genes that each have a small effect.
To find out more, see ADHD: is it hereditary.
Research shows differences, on average, in certain brain networks involved in attention, control and motivation. These differences cannot be seen on an individual examination.
The article ADHD and the brain: what research says covers this question in detail.
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Some factors increase the risk, such as very premature birth, low birth weight or exposure to certain substances during pregnancy, such as alcohol or tobacco. They do not apply to all children with ADHD.
These factors increase the risk, but do not explain everything.
This point is explained step by step in ADHD and dys disorders.
ADHD is not caused by poor parenting, a lack of authority, sugar or screens. These ideas are very widespread but do not match the scientific data. A caring and structured environment helps the child.
A difficult environment can, however, make difficulties worse.
To go further, read our article Common misconceptions about ADHD.
Many parents feel guilty. Understanding that ADHD is not their fault is often a relief. Their role is, however, essential in supporting the child. They can learn strategies that make daily life easier.
We explain this point in Parent guidance and ADHD.
ADHD results from a combination of factors, mainly genetic. Knowing its causes helps to understand it better and to take the drama out of it. Each child remains unique in the way they experience the disorder.
This topic is covered in our page Accepting your child’s ADHD diagnosis.
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Mainly genetic, with environmental factors such as very premature birth. Genetics plays a major role.
No, but the environment can worsen or lessen the difficulties. Prematurity increases the risk.
No, these ideas do not match the scientific data. Upbringing is not the cause.
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