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A child who is struggling may have ADHD, dysgraphia, or both. These disorders can look alike at school, but they do not affect the same functions. Here is how to tell them apart. Distinguishing between these disorders makes it possible to offer the right support at the right time.
ADHD affects the regulation of attention, and sometimes restlessness and impulsivity. It affects all areas of life, at home as well as at school. Its manifestations vary depending on the situation, tiredness and interest in the task.
We explain this point in What is ADHD.
Dysgraphia is a disorder of handwriting: letter formation, legibility, regularity and speed. It can lead to tiredness and pain. This disorder is lasting and is not explained by a lack of effort or intelligence.
This topic is covered in our page ADHD and dys disorders.
In both cases, handwriting may be untidy, irregular and difficult to read. These similarities explain why the two disorders are sometimes confused.
You will find more details in the article Signs of ADHD in children.
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In a child with ADHD, handwriting deteriorates mainly when they rush or lose concentration, and may be acceptable when they make an effort. In dysgraphia, handwriting remains difficult even with a great deal of effort. Observing the child in calm situations and in stressful situations helps guide the assessment.
Only assessments can determine the diagnosis.
Our article How to know if my child has ADHD complements this advice.
Dysgraphia is assessed by an occupational therapist or a psychomotor therapist. ADHD is assessed by a trained doctor. The assessments complement each other and should be read together by the professionals.
To find out more, see Who makes the ADHD diagnosis.
The combination of neurodevelopmental disorders is common. Support then combines rehabilitation of handwriting, sometimes the use of a computer, and support for ADHD. Good coordination between the professionals who support the child is then essential.
The article After the ADHD diagnosis: the steps covers this question in detail.
School adjustments must take both disorders into account, so that the pupil can show their true abilities. These adjustments can be formalised in a PAP or a PPS.
This point is explained step by step in School adjustments for ADHD.
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ADHD affects attention, while dysgraphia affects handwriting. These are two different disorders.
Yes, these disorders are often associated. They are often associated.
Through assessments carried out by the professionals concerned. Assessments make it possible to determine the diagnosis.
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